EXPLANATION OF TERMS | Glossary

Cone Spray

Nozzles whose spray is emitted in a conical shape and a round cross section. Cone sprays have less impact than flat sprays and are therefore better suited for rinsing and wetting.

Solid Cone Spray Nozzles

Cone Spray Nozzles in which the cross section distribution shows little or no droplets in the center and with most of the spray concentrated at the outer edge.

Hollow Cone Spray Nozzles

Cone Spray Nozzles in which the cross section distribution shows little or no droplets in the center and with most of the spray concentrated at the outer edge.

Flat Sprays

Also known as fan srays, these Nozzles produce either a flat or elliptical sheet of water. They are best suited for washing operations where high impact is desirable. The spray normally breaks into individual droplets a few inches from the orifice.

Atomizing Nozzles

Produce a highly atomized hollow cone spray. Their light mist ranges from a fog that hangs in the air to slightly larger droplets that fall by gravity. They are most typically used for humldification and very light wetting.

Jet Nozzles

Produce a straight unbroken stream of water nominally referred to as a 0° spray angle.  Depending on the piping set up, onfice size and water pressure, the stream may remain unbroken from a few Inches up to 3 or 4 feet. For blasting and light cutting applications.

GPH

Gallons per hour (gallons per hour: 1 gallon = 3.7853 l). This size unit is always based on water flow. See the table for a given nozzle to determine the pressure of her flow.

Spray Angle

The included angle of the spray emitted from the Nozzle orifice. This excludes the light “fuzz” at the edge of some sprays, particularly those of low flow rates. Higher operating pressures usually tend to compress the spray, thereby resulting in a nar rower spray angle. Liquids with surface tensions lower than water will produce wider spray angles than those of water. See chart on page 16 for coverage data.

ORIFICE

The aperture through which the liquid exits the Nozzle. It meters the liquid and its contours produce the various spray angles. It is normally round but can be elliptical in the case of flat spray Nozzles. On most Nozzles the orifice is a highly polished surface. It should never be probed with any metal object. A wooden toothpick is the best tool for cleaning or unclogging an orifice

Nozzle opening

The aperture through which the liquid exits the Nozzle. It measures the liquid and its contours produce the various spray angles. It Is normally round but can be elliptical In the case of flat spray Nozzles. On most Nozzles the orifice is a highly polished surface. It should never be probed with any metal object. A wooden toothpick is the best tool for cleaning or unclogging an orifice.

Pressure

The force of the liquid entering the Nozzle expressed in PSI (pounds per square inch). In general, operating at higher pressures produces smaller droplets, narrower spray angles and more solid patterns. Conversely, lower pressures result in larger droplets, slightly wider angles and less dense distribution.

Minimum operating pressure

Lowest possible The pressure at which the kinetic energy of the liquid is sufficient to produce a fully developed jet. Data flow in the nozzle tables  indicate that value for water. He can be higher or lower if other fluids are used as water because it depends on the specific weight and Viscosity the liquid.

NPT

National Pipe Thread (American standard pipe thread). This is a tapering thread that participates in the installation of self-tightening. A thread seal as “pipe dope or Teflon tape is needed in order to seal properly.

CFM

Cubic feet per minute (cubic foot per minute). A measure of the volume of gas (usually air) describes the spray. Spray nozzle operated in an air nozzle

Spray Atomization

A Spray Nozzle breaks up a flow of liquid into many small droplets. The efficiency, or results, of the spray process greatly depend on droplet size and distribution. Droplet size may range from a few to thousands of microns in diameter depending upon the liquid being sprayed, the pressure and Nozzle design. Nozzles do not generate droplets of equal size. There is usually a broad spectrum of droplet sizes within a spray. Larger droplets occur as nozzle capacity increases. Coarse atomization is often associated with narrow angles or straight streams. For a given nozzle, fineness of atomization may be improved by increasing pressure. The two important liquid parameters affecting atomization are viscosity and surface tension. Compared with viscosity, surface tension has a relatively minor affect.

Spray Velocity

The velocity of the spray leaving a Nozzle orifice depends upon the liquid pressure. The velocity is also determined by the design characteristics of the specific Nozzle. Solid stream and flat spray Nozzles will have, under equal conditions, higher velocities than wide angle, round cone Nozzles. 

GPM

Gallons per minute (gallons per minute). The unit size for nozzles with a larger flow rate, based on water flow. See the table for a given nozzle to determine the pressure of her flow.

NOTE

Some of our Nozzles that are listed as solid cones can actually be made to produce a hollow cone spray although not specifically listed. If a particular Nozzle configuration suits your requirements but is the wrong nominal spray pattern, let us know of your needs and we’ll be glad to let you know if we can meet your need.

ORDERING INFORMATION

State quantity, Nozzle type, Nozzle number, spray angle, material, size and type pipe connection (Male or female) and either “tips only” or “complete” Nozzles. Nozzles type designations are shown in the upper corner of each page. (F-80, H-535, etc.).

WARRANTY

All material is guaranteed to be free from defects in workmanship and materials. Parts believed defective should be returned prepaid. If our inspection confirms buyer’s claim, material will be either repaired or replaced, at our option, and credit issued for the shipping charges. Monarch accepts no responsibility for defective workmanship or material other than repair or replacement of the item under either express or implied warranty.

NOZZLE SERVICING

Nozzle orifices are highly polished surfaces which are easily damaged. Pins, needles or other sharp objects should never be used to clean an orifice. A sharpened wooden toothpick is suggested. For calcium build-up from alkaline water, it is suggested that the Nozzles be soaked overnight in inhibited muriatic acid or vinegar. This is usually sufficient to restore the Nozzle serviceability.

Nozzle Interchange Chart

NOTE: the information can only be used as a guide to selecting the nearet comparable MONARCH Nozzle. No guarantee can be made that the nozzles indicated are exact equivalents in regard to either spray angle or spray pattern.